(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
parse_ini_file — Parse a configuration file
$filename, bool $process_sections = false, int $scanner_mode = INI_SCANNER_NORMAL): array|false
parse_ini_file() loads in the
ini file specified in filename,
and returns the settings in it in an associative array.
The structure of the ini file is the same as the php.ini's.
filenameThe filename of the ini file being parsed. If a relative path is used, it is evaluated relative to the current working directory, then the include_path.
process_sections
By setting the process_sections
parameter to true, you get a multidimensional array, with
the section names and settings included. The default
for process_sections is false
scanner_mode
Can either be INI_SCANNER_NORMAL (default) or
INI_SCANNER_RAW. If INI_SCANNER_RAW
is supplied, then option values will not be parsed.
As of PHP 5.6.1 can also be specified as INI_SCANNER_TYPED.
In this mode boolean, null and integer types are preserved when possible.
String values "true", "on" and "yes"
are converted to true. "false", "off", "no"
and "none" are considered false. "null" is converted to null
in typed mode. Also, all numeric strings are converted to integer type if it is possible.
Example #1 Contents of sample.ini
; This is a sample configuration file ; Comments start with ';', as in php.ini [first_section] one = 1 five = 5 animal = BIRD [second_section] path = "/usr/local/bin" URL = "http://www.example.com/~username" [third_section] phpversion[] = "5.0" phpversion[] = "5.1" phpversion[] = "5.2" phpversion[] = "5.3" urls[svn] = "http://svn.php.net" urls[git] = "http://git.php.net"
Example #2 parse_ini_file() example
Constants (but not "magic constants" like __FILE__)
may also be parsed
in the ini file so if you define a constant as an ini value before
running parse_ini_file(), it will be integrated into
the results. Only ini values are evaluated, and the value must be just the constant. For example:
<?php
define('BIRD', 'Dodo bird');
// Parse without sections
$ini_array = parse_ini_file("sample.ini");
print_r($ini_array);
// Parse with sections
$ini_array = parse_ini_file("sample.ini", true);
print_r($ini_array);
?>The above example will output something similar to:
Array
(
[one] => 1
[five] => 5
[animal] => Dodo bird
[path] => /usr/local/bin
[URL] => http://www.example.com/~username
[phpversion] => Array
(
[0] => 5.0
[1] => 5.1
[2] => 5.2
[3] => 5.3
)
[urls] => Array
(
[svn] => http://svn.php.net
[git] => http://git.php.net
)
)
Array
(
[first_section] => Array
(
[one] => 1
[five] => 5
[animal] => Dodo bird
)
[second_section] => Array
(
[path] => /usr/local/bin
[URL] => http://www.example.com/~username
)
[third_section] => Array
(
[phpversion] => Array
(
[0] => 5.0
[1] => 5.1
[2] => 5.2
[3] => 5.3
)
[urls] => Array
(
[svn] => http://svn.php.net
[git] => http://git.php.net
)
)
)
Example #3 parse_ini_file() parsing a php.ini file
<?php
// A simple function used for comparing the results below
function yesno($expression)
{
return($expression ? 'Yes' : 'No');
}
// Get the path to php.ini using the php_ini_loaded_file() function
$ini_path = php_ini_loaded_file();
// Parse php.ini
$ini = parse_ini_file($ini_path);
// Print and compare the values, note that using get_cfg_var()
// will give the same results for parsed and loaded here
echo '(parsed) magic_quotes_gpc = ' . yesno($ini['magic_quotes_gpc']) . PHP_EOL;
echo '(loaded) magic_quotes_gpc = ' . yesno(get_cfg_var('magic_quotes_gpc')) . PHP_EOL;
?>The above example will output something similar to:
(parsed) magic_quotes_gpc = Yes (loaded) magic_quotes_gpc = Yes
Example #4 Value Interpolation
In addition to evaluating constants, certain characters have special meaning in an ini value.
Additionally, environment variables and previously defined configuration options (see get_cfg_var()) may be read using
${} syntax.
; | is used for bitwise OR
three = 2|3
; & is used for bitwise AND
four = 6&5
; ^ is used for bitwise XOR
five = 3^6
; ~ is used for bitwise negate
negative_two = ~1
; () is used for grouping
seven = (8|7)&(6|5)
; Interpolate the PATH environment variable
path = ${PATH}
; Interpolate the configuration option 'memory_limit'
configured_memory_limit = ${memory_limit}
Example #5 Escaping Characters
Some characters have special meaning in double-quoted strings and must be escaped by the backslash prefix.
First of all, these are the double quote " as the boundary marker, and the backslash \ itself
(if followed by one of the special characters):
quoted = "She said \"Exactly my point\"." ; Results in a string with quote marks in it. hint = "Use \\\" to escape double quote" ; Results in: Use \" to escape double quote
There is an exception made for Windows-like paths: it's possible to not escape trailing backslash if the quoted string is directly followed by a linebreak:
save_path = "C:\Temp\"
If one does need to escape double quote followed by linebreak in a multiline value, it's possible to use value concatenation in the following way (there is one double-quoted string directly followed by another one):
long_text = "Lorem \"ipsum\""" dolor" ; Results in: Lorem "ipsum"\n dolor
Another character with special meaning is $ (the dollar sign).
It must be escaped if followed by the open curly brace:
code = "\${test}"
Escaping characters is not supported in the INI_SCANNER_RAW mode
(in this mode all characters are processed "as is").
Note that the ini parser doesn't support standard escape sequences (\n, \t, etc.).
If necessary, post-process the result of parse_ini_file() with stripcslashes() function.
Note:
This function has nothing to do with the php.ini file. It is already processed by the time you run your script. This function can be used to read in your own application's configuration files.
Note:
If a value in the ini file contains any non-alphanumeric characters it needs to be enclosed in double-quotes (").
Note: There are reserved words which must not be used as keys for ini files. These include:
null,yes,no,true,false,on,off,none. Valuesnull,off,noandfalseresult in"", and valueson,yesandtrueresult in"1", unlessINI_SCANNER_TYPEDmode is used. Characters?{}|&~!()^"must not be used anywhere in the key and have a special meaning in the value.
Note:
Entries without an equal sign are ignored. For example, "foo" is ignored whereas "bar =" is parsed and added with an empty value. For example, MySQL has a "no-auto-rehash" setting in my.cnf that does not take a value, so it is ignored.
Note:
ini files are generally treated as plain text by web servers and thus served to browsers if requested. That means for security you must either keep your ini files outside of your docroot or reconfigure your web server to not serve them. Failure to do either of those may introduce a security risk.